China Visa Types Explained — L, M, Q2, S2 for US Citizens
Last updated: May 1, 2026 · Written by iChinaVisa Team
Most US travelers need the L visa (Tourist). It's the simplest to apply for, doesn't require an invitation letter, and is issued as a 10-year multiple-entry visa. If you're not sure which visa type you need, the L visa is almost certainly the right choice.
China Visa Types at a Glance
L VisaTourist Visa
Purpose: Sightseeing, visiting family or friends, personal travel
Invitation letter: Not required for US citizens
Duration: 10-year multiple entry, 60 days per stay
Best for: Most travelers — the simplest and most common China visa
M VisaBusiness Visa
Purpose: Commercial activities, business meetings, trade fairs
Invitation letter: Required — invitation letter from a Chinese business entity
Duration: 10-year multiple entry, 60 days per stay
Best for: Business travelers with Chinese business contacts
Q2 VisaFamily Visit Visa
Purpose: Visiting Chinese relatives who are Chinese citizens
Invitation letter: Invitation letter from Chinese relative required
Duration: 10-year multiple entry, up to 180 days per stay
Best for: US citizens with family in China who want longer stays
S2 VisaPrivate Affairs Visa
Purpose: Personal matters: medical treatment, family visits to non-citizens
Invitation letter: Invitation letter required
Duration: Single or multiple entry, varies
Best for: Specific personal situations not covered by other visa types
L Visa vs. M Visa — The Key Difference
The most common confusion is between the L (tourist) and M (business) visa. Both are issued as 10-year multiple-entry visas for US citizens, but the M visa requires an invitation letter from a Chinese business entity.
If you're traveling for leisure, to visit friends, or for general sightseeing, the L visa is the correct choice. If you have a specific business purpose and a Chinese company willing to write an invitation letter, the M visa may be appropriate. When in doubt, apply for the L visa — it covers most travel scenarios.
Not Sure Which Visa You Need?
Call us at (626) 217-4701 — we'll help you determine the right visa type in 5 minutes. Or start your L visa application now.
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